The 2026 Australian Census faces a unique challenge: accurately capturing the 'ghost population' of FIFO workers in regional Australia. This issue is particularly acute in mining hubs like Kalgoorlie-Boulder, where the population boom from FIFO workers is straining infrastructure and services. The city's population has surged from 19,605 in 1911 to 31,268 in 2021, with a significant portion employed in gold mining. Mayor Glenn Wilson estimates that up to 10,000 FIFO workers currently call Kalgoorlie-Boulder home, a figure that could significantly impact funding opportunities for the region.
The problem extends beyond Kalgoorlie-Boulder. The Pilbara, a major iron ore region, is also grappling with the same issue. Regional Development Australia's Pilbara chief executive, Daiva Gillam, highlights the strain on infrastructure, such as the Shire of East Pilbara's $50 million wastewater treatment plant upgrade. FIFO workers, often not counted as residents, contribute disproportionately to the region's population and resource usage.
The challenge lies in the census's definition of 'usual residence.' FIFO workers, who spend weeks at a time in remote camps, often list their Perth homes as primary residences. This practice, while understandable, can lead to inaccurate population counts. Organisational psychiatrist Cheryl Yam emphasizes the emotional aspect, suggesting that FIFO workers' sense of 'belonging' is complex and not solely defined by where they sleep.
The ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) acknowledges the challenge, employing a dedicated team to coordinate with mine sites for accurate data collection. However, the solution goes beyond technical adjustments. It requires a deeper understanding of the FIFO workers' lifestyle and a willingness to adapt census methods to better reflect their unique circumstances. The 2026 Census must address this issue to ensure fair representation and accurate resource allocation for regional Australia's growing FIFO population.
